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CHAPTER 6 - NERVOUS TISSUE
Histology Guide
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Fig 017 Motor Neuron
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T. Clark Brelje
Jean E. Magney

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University of Minnesota
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Robert L. Sorenson, Ph.D.

University of Minnesota
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Minneapolis, MN 55455

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Fig 017 Motor Neuron

Motor Neurons

Motor neurons have the structure of a typical neuron.

  • Perikaryon - the cell body (soma) that integrates incoming signals from the dendrites
    • Nissl (chromophil) substance - stains intensely basophilic with dyes such as toluidine blue and cresyl violet
      • Aggregates of rough endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosomes
      • Occurs in the cell body and dendrites but is absent from the axon
  • Dendrites - one or more branched processes that receive stimuli and conduct impulses toward the cell body
  • Axon - single process that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body
    • Action potentials arise from the axon hillock
    • Axon is myelinated by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
  • Synapse - end of axons that make connections with target cells
    • Axon usually branches and has many synapses
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